Parental Perception and Hesitancy About Routine Vaccination Versus COVID-19 Vaccination at a Selected Community Area in Raigarh (C.G.) – A Comparative Study

Abstract

According to UNICEF (2019) Vaccines will help protect the child against diseases that can cause serious harm or death, especially in people with developing immune systems like infants. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends vaccinations throughout life to protect against many infections. Vaccines are one of the most convenient and safest preventive care measures available. Vaccines contain either killed or weakened viruses, making it impossible to get the disease from the vaccine. Parental perception towards vaccination refers to their concerns about vaccine safety and other factors that prevent them from immunizing their child. Objective: 1) To assess the parental perception about routine vaccination versus Covid-19 vaccination at a selected community area in Raigarh (C.G.), 2) To assess the parental hesitancy about routine vaccination versus Covid – 19 vaccination at a selected community area in Raigarh (C.G.), 3) To compare the parental perception about routine vaccination versus Covid–19 vaccination at selected community area in Raigarh (C.G.), 4) To compare the parental hesitancy about routine vaccination versus Covid – 19 vaccination at selected a community area in Raigarh (C.G.), 5) To prepare & find the opinion of a pamphlet regarding information of routine vaccination and Covid – 19 vaccination at a selected community area in Raigarh (C.G). Hypothesis: H1- There is a significance difference in parental perception between routine vaccination versus Covid-19 vaccination. H2- There is a significance difference in parental hesitancy between routine vaccination versus Covid-19 vaccination. The literature reviewed related to present study are organized and presented in the following headings. A) Studies related to Parent perception about the childhood routine immunization of their children, B) Studies related to Parent perception about Covid-19 vaccination of their children, C) Studies related to hesitancy towards routine immunization among parents, D) Studies related to hesitancy towards Covid-19 vaccination among parents. The conceptual framework of the present study was modified by the investigator based on Health Belief Model. The health belief model is a psychological health behavior change model developed to explain and predict health-related behaviors, particularly in regard to the uptake of health services. A Comparative research approach was undertaken for the present study. convenient sampling technique was used for selection of Parents Final data collection was done on 12/10/22 to 19/10/22 at selected community area of Raigarh (C.G.) A self-structured questionnaire & checklist was prepare to compare the parental perception & hesitancy regarding routine vaccination & Covid-19 vaccination. The tool consists of 4 section – A, B, C & D. A comprised of socio demographic data, B comprised of self-structure questionnaire regarding parental perception divided into two parts. Section C comprised of vaccine hesitancy scale regarding Covid-19 vaccination and section D comprised opinionnaire regarding information related to routine vaccination & Covid-19 vaccination. The content validity was obtained from 5 expert and the reliability was obtained from Karl pearson formula with r=0.98. Feasibility of the study was confirmed by pilot study which, was done at swastik vihar shreenagar khamtarai Raipur (C.G.). the main study was done on parents from laxmipur Raigarh (C.G.), the data was obtained was analyzed and interpreted in term of objectives and hypothesis of the study, descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: 32(53.33%) of parents have positive perception and 28(46.67%) had negative perception towards routine vaccination whereas in Covid-19 vaccination 21(35%) had positive and 39(65%) had negative perception. 23(38.33%) parents are hesitant towards routine vaccination & 37 (61.67) are not hesitant whereas regarding Covid-19 vaccination 28 (46.67%) & 32 (53.33%) Parents are not hesitant. 59% of parents had the opinion that the pamphlet was very good and only (1.67%) said that it was good.