Pregnancy Tumor: A Controversy

Abstract

Pyogenic granuloma is one kind of inflammatory hyperplasia that can occur in the oral cavity. This statement is deceptive because the lesion is not caused by an infection but rather by a number of stimuli, such as hormonal changes, traumatic injuries, low-grade local irritation, or microtrauma from dental cleaning. It is not noticeable in nonpregnant males or females and typically manifests in the gingiva during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy in pregnant patients. Pyrogenic granulomas associated with pregnancy are referred to as pregnancy tumors. In essence, a pyogenic granuloma is a limited, ecstatic granulation tissue formation triggered by irritation. It might manifest intraorally as a raised mass or as a sessile lesion, among other forms. Their normal hue ranges from deep crimson to reddish purple, and they are soft, painless, and between 0.5 and 1 cm in size. They are more common in females and are usually observed on keratinized tissue. Even though excisional surgery is still the preferred course of treatment, additional protocols have been proposed, such as the use of ND: YAG laser, flash lamp pulsed dye laser, cryosurgery, intralesional injection of ethanol or corticosteroids, and sodium tetradecyl sulfate sclerotherapy.