Church-Based Strategies for Adolescent Suicide Prevention in Kenya: Evidence from Mawego Deanery, Catholic Diocese of Homa Bay

Abstract

Adolescent suicide has become a growing public health and pastoral concern in Kenya, necessitating coordinated interventions from families, schools, healthcare providers, and religious institutions. The Catholic Church plays a significant role in promoting adolescents' spiritual, emotional, and social well-being through pastoral programmes and community outreach. However, limited empirical evidence exists on the effectiveness of church-based strategies in addressing adolescent suicide within local Catholic communities. This study identified the strategies employed by the Catholic Church in addressing and mitigating adolescent suicide in Mawego Deanery, Catholic Diocese of Homa Bay. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design guided by a mixed-methods approach was adopted. Data were collected from adolescents, clergy, catechists, teachers, parents, parish leaders, and local administrators using questionnaires, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that the Church employs several strategies, including pastoral counselling, youth ministry programmes, catechetical instruction, prayer and spiritual guidance, family outreach, mentorship, and community sensitization, to promote adolescents' resilience and prevent suicidal behaviour. Despite these efforts, challenges such as inadequate mental health awareness, limited professional counselling services, stigma surrounding suicide, and resource constraints hinder programme effectiveness. The study concludes that church-based strategies contribute significantly to adolescent suicide prevention when integrated with professional mental health services and community support systems. It recommends strengthening pastoral counselling, enhancing collaboration between the Church and mental health professionals, expanding youth mentorship programmes, and equipping clergy and catechists with skills in adolescent mental health and suicide prevention.