International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Topics
type: channel
description: Call for Papers Publish in Multidisciplinary Journal Volume 7, Issue 2, February 2026 2000+ Articles | 5,000+ Authors | 30+ Countries Publication Process Submit Manuscript ISSN (Online): 2582-7839 Publication Frequency: Monthly Subject/Scope: Multidisciplinary Areas Publication Format: Online Publication Time: Within 3 Days Publication Fee: $52 (Africa), $59 (Others), ₹2000 (India) CrossRef DOI to all published articles No Additional Author and Page Charges Free e-certificates to authors International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Topics is an online open-access journal to publish research papers. The journal welcomes articles from all the academic disciplines. The journal aims to provide a platform for the authors to publish their research, with a focus on sharing the work with society in the process of the advancement of technology. The authors are advised to read the publication process and submit the paper to the journal. The journal welcomes research papers, review papers, project papers, and case studies for publication in IJRAMT.
publisher: RESAIM Publishing
language: en
publication name: International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Topics
issn: 2582-7839
items: The Kambilng a Taw: The Acceptance of Meranaw Vlogging
items: Educational Radio as a Tool for Distance Learning: Repositioning Gyan Vani FM (Delhi) within India’s Contemporary Higher Education Ecosystem
items: https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3198
items: Nurses Self-Reflection: A Concept Analysis
items: Variable Domain Fuzzy PID Driven Anti-Skid Control with Integrated Road Surface Recognition
items: The Determinants of Patient Safety Culture – A Systematic Review
items: Enhancing 21st Century Internal Auditing Competencies through Artificial Intelligence
items: https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3193
items: Localized Window Cards: An Intervention Material for Improving Mastery of the Four Fundamental Operations in Mathematics of Grade 3 Learners of Balaybay Elementary School
items: Beyond a Threshold: Diminishing Resilience Gains from Additional Fiber Exit Paths Under Correlated Weather Disturbances
items: Optimization of a Double Wishbone Torsion Bar Spring Suspension System for a Hub Motor-Driven Vehicle
items: Ayurvedic Concept of Virya and its Correlation with Modern Thermogenic and Bioenergetic Effects: An Integrative Review
items: https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3188
items: Sari-Sari Stores as Micro-Economies of Peace in Post-Conflict Communities: An Ethnographic Study on Women and Informal Trade in Baloi, Lanao Del Norte
items: A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Osteoporosis Among Female Teachers in Raipur, Chhattisgarh
items: Medi-Intel Engine
items: https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3184
items: A Brief Review of Impacts of Environmental Pollutants on the Public Health of Assam
items: Dynamics of Sand Extraction in Amazonian Fluvial Systems: Geological Aspects and Environmental Impacts in the Jamari Valley, Rondônia
items: Prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Laboratory Technicians from Bangalore
items: Effectiveness of Nerve Mobilization with Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation in Patients with Cervical Radiculopathy
items: The Impact of Short-Form Video Consumption on Students’ Attention Span
items: Optimizing Square Bellows Production: Externally Fixed Die Extrusion Process and FEA Insights
items: Correlations Between Dose to Small Intestine and Bladder Volume in CT-Based Planning of Pelvic Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT)
items: https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3176
items: Cellphones Put Students at Academic Learning Risk: A Systematic Investigation of Classroom Use, Cognitive Load, and Achievement
items: Effect of Freshwater Crab Shell Powder Oziotelphusa Aurantia (H.) as an Organic Fertilizer to Increase Dramatic Growth in the Plant Abelmoschus Esculentus (L.)
items: Rethinking Microfinance: Why It Falls Short in Reducing Inequality in Latin America and Africa–and the Policy Reforms Needed to Fix It
items: Hybrid Adaptive Weighted Sliding Mode Control for Sway Suppression of a Gantry Crane System
items: The Geo-History of a Proto-State: Nusa Island as the Operational and Ideological Kota of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front in Lanao del Sur

The Kambilng a Taw: The Acceptance of Meranaw Vlogging
type: item
description: This study examines the lived experiences of Meranaw vloggers in preserving kambilang a taw, a cultural and ethical framework encompassing dignity, honor, modesty, privacy, respect, and religious propriety within the virtual environment. Guided by a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research examines how Meranaw vloggers negotiate cultural identity through contemporary social media practices. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with ten Meranaw vloggers residing in Lanao del Sur and supported by a systematic content analysis of vlog outputs. The study demonstrates that vlogging functions not merely as entertainment or self-branding but as a space for ethical self-regulation and cultural affirmation. Findings reveal that vloggers consciously internalize kambilang a taw as a guiding principle in content creation, audience engagement, and self-presentation. Participants employed selective self-disclosure, adaptive trend modification, and culturally grounded decision-making to balance digital influence with cultural integrity. These findings highlight the capacity of digital platforms to support cultural continuity rather than cultural erosion among linguistic communities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Shaha D. Mustapha
creator: Fatima P. Abbas
creator: Nurhafizah H. Bent Muslimen
creator: Fatima S. Usoph
creator: Gregg Jones P. Galgo
creator: Dinah Kendra A. Lumactad
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Shaha D. Mustapha, Fatima P. Abbas, Nurhafizah H. Bent Muslimen, Fatima S. Usoph, Gregg Jones P. Galgo, Dinah Kendra A. Lumactad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-25
publication date: 2026-02-25
starting page: 59
ending page: 62
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3200

Educational Radio as a Tool for Distance Learning: Repositioning Gyan Vani FM (Delhi) within India’s Contemporary Higher Education Ecosystem
type: item
description: Educational radio has historically served as one of the most inclusive and democratising instruments of knowledge dissemination, particularly within societies characterised by economic inequality, infrastructural constraints, and technological disparities. In India, the Gyan Vani FM network—conceptualised and operationalised by the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU)—represented a landmark institutional initiative aimed at embedding educational broadcasting within the architecture of open and distance learning (ODL). Initially envisioned as a decentralised multi-city FM network serving diverse linguistic and socio-cultural contexts, Gyan Vani sought to provide curriculum-based instruction, learner support, and public awareness programming through an accessible broadcast medium. Over time, however, regulatory, financial, administrative, and technological transformations led to the gradual discontinuation of most Gyan Vani stations across India. At present, Gyan Vani FM Delhi (105.6 MHz) remains the only consistently operational station. This structural contraction raises fundamental academic and policy questions: Does the reduction of a territorial network signal the obsolescence of educational radio in the digital age? Or does it instead invite strategic repositioning within an educational ecosystem marked by digital expansion alongside persistent digital inequality? This study critically re-evaluates Gyan Vani FM Delhi within India’s contemporary higher education landscape. Drawing upon Transactional Distance Theory, Social Presence Theory, Media Ecology perspectives, and policy analysis grounded in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the paper adopts a qualitative document-based methodology supplemented by national statistical indicators relating to higher education participation and digital access. The analysis argues that educational radio should not be viewed as a technologically outdated medium but as a complementary and equity-oriented educat…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Mukesh Yadav
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mukesh Yadav https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-22
publication date: 2026-02-22
starting page: 54
ending page: 58
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3199

https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3198
type: item
title: A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Consequences of Early and Late Marriage Among Higher Secondary Students of M.R.D. Government Higher Senior Secondary School, Dhamtari, Chhattisgarh
description: Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge regarding consequences of early and late marriage among higher secondary students of M.R.D. Govt. Higher Senior Secondary School Dhamtari (C.G.) Objective: Objective of the study is to assess knowledge regarding consequences of early and late marriage among higher secondary students. To find out the association between knowledge score regarding consequences of early and late marriage among higher secondary students with their socio demographic variables. Research Methodology: The study was conducted for 60 higher secondary students of M.R.D. Govt. Higher Senior Secondary School Dhamtari (C.G.). A descriptive quantitative research approach is used with non-experimental research design, sample selection was done by non-probability convenient sampling technique method, the knowledge was assess by administering self-structure questionnaire. The accessible population consists of the total number of people who meet the designated set of criteria, 60 students of class 12th M.R.D. Govt. Higher Senior Secondary School Dhamtari are the sample. The reliability of the tool was determined by using split-half method & reliability was found to be r= 0.92. Result: result of the study reveals that in Area wise analysis Area-1 self-structure questionnaire related to knowledge regarding health and marriage is analysed offer the respectively. In test mean 4.65, mean percentage 46.5% and standard deviations is 1.30. In Area-2 self-structure questionnaire related to general knowledge regarding consequences of early and late marriage is analysis after the test respectively. In test mean 7.01, mean percentage, standard deviations 1.78. So, the difference in mean percentage is 53.9 %. In Area-3: self-structured questionnaire related to knowledge regarding prevention from consequences of early and late marriage is analysis the test respectively. In test mean 4.55, mean percentage 65% and standard deviations 1.23. In overall analysis of mea…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Preeti Milap
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Preeti Milap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-20
publication date: 2026-02-20
starting page: 51
ending page: 53
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3198

Nurses Self-Reflection: A Concept Analysis
type: item
description: Background: Self-reflection is widely recognized as foundational to nursing practice, education, and professional development. Despite its frequent invocation in nursing discourse, the concept of nurses' self-reflection remains ambiguously defined, with inconsistent usage across clinical, educational, and research contexts. This conceptual ambiguity impedes the development of robust educational interventions, valid measurement instruments, and coherent professional standards. Aim: The purpose of this paper is to conduct a rigorous concept analysis of nurses' self-reflection to clarify its defining attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents, and to distinguish it from related concepts such as reflective practice, critical reflection, reflexivity, and metacognition. Methods: Walker and Avant's eight-step concept analysis method was employed. A structured literature search was conducted across CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, limited to peer-reviewed English-language publications from 2020 to 2025. Studies were included if they explicitly addressed self-reflection among registered nurses, nursing students, or nurse educators in clinical, educational, or leadership contexts. Results: Six defining attributes of nurses' self-reflection were identified: (1) intentional cognitive engagement, (2) inward focus on one's own thoughts, emotions, and actions, (3) critical examination of assumptions and values, (4) connection to a specific nursing experience or encounter, (5) orientation toward meaning-making and learning, and (6) iterative and developmental nature. Antecedents include psychological safety, adequate time and space, facilitative mentorship, openness to self-examination, and a triggering clinical experience. Consequences include enhanced clinical judgment, professional identity development, emotional regulation, improved patient-centered care, and lifelong learning. Empirical referents include validated self-report scales, refl…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: M. Alhejaili Nadiyah Saeed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 M. Alhejaili Nadiyah Saeed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-19
publication date: 2026-02-19
starting page: 44
ending page: 50
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3197

Variable Domain Fuzzy PID Driven Anti-Skid Control with Integrated Road Surface Recognition
type: item
description: Traction control is a critical component in ensuring both vehicle performance and safety. Traditional traction control strategies, often based on fixed-parameter controllers, struggle to adapt to complex and variable road surface conditions. This is particularly evident on low-friction surfaces, where response delays or excessive intervention frequently occur. To address this, this paper proposes an integrated traction control method combining fuzzy road surface recognition with variable domain fuzzy PID control. A fuzzy inference system is constructed to achieve online identification of the optimal slip rate for the road surface. Based on this, a variable domain fuzzy PID controller with an adaptive scaling factor is designed. This controller dynamically adjusts its domain range according to the road surface recognition results and vehicle state, enabling precise and smooth regulation of drive torque. Joint simulations using CarSim and MATLAB demonstrate that the optimal slip rate recognition error is 5.3% on snow-covered surfaces and 4.7% on dry gravel surfaces. Compared to traditional PID and conventional fuzzy PID controllers, this strategy exhibits reduced overshoot, accelerates convergence of slip rates to optimal values across all wheels, and enhances vehicle stability during both acceleration and steady-state driving.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Bingsen Liu
creator: Chengao Shi
creator: Gang Chen
creator: Wei Song
creator: Yanmei Chen
creator: Jin Ye
creator: Liangmo Wang
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bingsen Liu, Chengao Shi, Gang Chen, Wei Song, Yanmei Chen, Jin Ye, Liangmo Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-19
publication date: 2026-02-19
starting page: 37
ending page: 43
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3196

The Determinants of Patient Safety Culture – A Systematic Review
type: item
description: Background: Patient safety culture (PSC) is a foundational component of healthcare quality and risk reduction in hospital settings. Although numerous studies have assessed PSC levels globally, evidence regarding its determinants remains fragmented and insufficiently integrated across healthcare systems. Objective: This systematic review aimed to identify, synthesize, and hierarchically integrate the determinants of patient safety culture in hospital settings worldwide. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL was conducted for peer-reviewed articles published between January 2010 and December 2025. Eligible studies examined determinants of patient safety culture in hospital settings using validated instruments, including the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC), the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ), or equivalent standardized tools. Both empirical studies and structured research syntheses addressing determinants of PSC were considered. Data extraction and methodological appraisal were conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute checklists, and findings were synthesized using a structured narrative approach to assess consistency and convergence across studies. Results: Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Determinants of PSC were identified across individual, organizational, and structural domains. Organizational determinants demonstrated the strongest and most consistent associations with patient safety culture outcomes across diverse healthcare contexts. Key drivers included leadership practices, management support, staffing adequacy, workload management, teamwork climate, communication openness, and non-punitive response to error. Individual-level factors, particularly education and participation in safety training, showed positive but less consistent associations. Structural characteristics, including hospital type and governance context, functioned primarily as contextual moderators influencing variabi…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: M. Alhejaili Nadiyah Saeed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 M. Alhejaili Nadiyah Saeed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-19
publication date: 2026-02-19
starting page: 29
ending page: 36
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3195

Enhancing 21st Century Internal Auditing Competencies through Artificial Intelligence
type: item
description: The growing digitalisation of operations and processes at the organisational level has shifted internal audit towards a feedback-driven function where artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly harness to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and real-time monitoring of audits. Despite substantial capital commitments to AI solutions many audit units still grapple with recurring gaps in analytical capacity, slow decision quality, varied ethical judgmental pointing toward an incongruence between technological adoption and human competencies that limit performance outcomes. Based on Technology Acceptance Theory – Davis, 1989, Human Capital Theory – Becker, 1964 and Relational Contracting Theory – Macneil, 1980 the current study investigates how adoption of AI impacts internal audit competencies of significance and how these impact performance outcomes for audits with the presence of mediating effects. A cross-sectional mixed-methods secondary data analysis combines quantitative metrics with documentary evidence drawn from 51 peer-reviewed studies, corporate reports and archival audit performance datasets. Descriptive statistics, panel regression models and Structural Equation Modelling are employed to estimate both direct and indirect associations between the adoption of AI, enhancement of competencies and the effectiveness in audit as well as qualitative content analysis to frame behavioural and organisational transformation. Findings provide evidence of the statistically significant benefit of AI adoption on digital literacy, analytic reasoning, ethical decision-making and collaborative communication, with mediation analysis evidencing competency development mediates much of the improvement in error detection, audit quality and operational efficiency. The research concludes that AI creates sustainable value in the audit process when implemented as a capability-enhancing resource, with its effective deployment facilitated through training, governance frame…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Jack Mashinge
creator: Javaid Dar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jack Mashinge, Javaid Dar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-14
publication date: 2026-02-14
starting page: 19
ending page: 28
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3194

https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3193
type: item
title: A Comparative Study to Assess the Compulsive Buying Behaviour and Psychological Distress Between 1st Year Engineering and 1st Year B.Sc. Nursing Students with a View to Develop an Informational Booklet on Self-Regulation in Regards of Psychological Distre
description: Introduction: Compulsive buying behaviour (CBB), otherwise known as shopping addiction, pathological buying or compulsive buying disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by the persistent, excessive, impulsive, and uncontrollable purchase of products in spite of severe psychological, social, occupational, financial consequences. Psychological distress, a widely-used indicator of the mental health of a population, nevertheless remains vaguely understood. In numerous studies, psychological distress is “largely” defined as “a state of emotional suffering characterized by symptoms of depression and anxiety.” But how do you know if what you’re experiencing is psychological distress or a diagnosable psychological disorder, such as anxiety or depression. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the compulsive buying behaviour and psychological distress between 1st year engineering and 1st year B.Sc. nursing students with a view to develop an informational booklet on self-regulation in regards of psychological distress of selected colleges of Durg (C.G.)”. Setting and Design: A quantitative research approach with comparative research design was adopted for this study. The study focused on B.Sc. Nursing and Engineering students at Krishna Engineering College and Shree Chandra College of Nursing Durg (C.G.). Results: The result of the study were found in engineering 1st year 29(97%) are having moderate compulsive buying disorder and 01(03%) is severe compulsive buying disorder. In B.Sc. Nursing 1st year students 30(100%) are having Mild compulsive buying behaviour and psychological distress. In engineering 1st year mean is 130.96 and SD is 9.59. In B.Sc. Nursing 1st year students mean is 129.50 and SD is 10.27. In engineering student’s coefficient of variation is 7.93 in B.Sc. Nursing 1st year students and paired “t” value is 5.55 which show highly significant at the level of 0.05. coefficient of variation 7.32 of engineering student’s coefficient of variation and …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Sunita Nayak
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sunita Nayak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-08
publication date: 2026-02-08
starting page: 15
ending page: 18
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3193

Localized Window Cards: An Intervention Material for Improving Mastery of the Four Fundamental Operations in Mathematics of Grade 3 Learners of Balaybay Elementary School
type: item
description: Mathematical proficiency is a cornerstone of elementary education, yet mastering fundamental operations remains a challenge for many learners. This study investigated the efficacy of localized window cards as an intervention tool to improve the numeracy skills of Grade 3 pupils at Balaybay Elementary School. Employing a quantitative descriptive-comparative research design, the study aimed to measure the impact of these materials on student performance and provide a mechanism for parental monitoring through numeracy progress report cards. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in student achievement. Prior to the intervention, the group recorded a pre-test mean of 10.81 with a Mean Percentage Score (MPS) of 36.03%. Following the implementation of the window cards, the post-test mean rose to 26.62, resulting in an MPS of 88.72%. This represents a substantial 52.69% increase in the MPS. Furthermore, the post-test data showed a lower standard deviation compared to the pre-test, indicating that the pupils' performance became not only higher but also more consistent. The findings conclude that the use of localized window cards is a highly effective intervention for mastering the four fundamental operations. The study recommends the continued integration of localized materials to bridge numeracy gaps and foster stronger home-school collaboration in monitoring student progress.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Gledelyn Joy H. Deliguin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Gledelyn Joy H. Deliguin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-08
publication date: 2026-02-08
starting page: 11
ending page: 14
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3192

Beyond a Threshold: Diminishing Resilience Gains from Additional Fiber Exit Paths Under Correlated Weather Disturbances
type: item
description: Telecommunication network resilience strategies frequently assume that increasing the number of geographically diverse terrestrial fiber exit paths proportionally improves availability and survivability. This assumption breaks down under correlated weather disturbances such as basin-wide floods, cloudbursts, landslides, cyclonic envelopes, and heat-driven failures, which can impair multiple routes simultaneously and constrain restoration access. This paper introduces an orthogonal risk-domain framing: resilience gains depend less on the number of terrestrial paths and more on the number of decorrelated Orthogonal Spatial Risk Zones (OSRZ) a geography can realistically support. Once OSRZ saturates—often around 4 in mountainous regions and 5 in well-connected central regions—additional terrestrial exits largely replicate existing risk domains and provide negligible improvement under widespread events. We conclude that seamless continuity of globally distributed Internet services requires a layered approach: (i) adding orthogonal risk domains such as OPGW/power corridors and satellite as an emergency layer, and (ii) weather hardening (“bulletproofing”) of both terrestrial and OPGW routes, since redundancy alone is limited by common-cause failures and correlated regional hazards.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Huneef Mohammad Sofi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Huneef Mohammad Sofi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 8
ending page: 10
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3191

Optimization of a Double Wishbone Torsion Bar Spring Suspension System for a Hub Motor-Driven Vehicle
type: item
description: This paper analyzes and optimizes the kinematics of a double-wishbone torsion bar suspension for in-wheel motor EVs, addressing performance degradation due to hard point changes. A parametric model was built in ADAMS/Car. Parallel wheel travel simulation generated curves for toe, camber, caster, and kingpin inclination angles versus wheel travel. Results showed the initial toe angle exceeded its ideal range, and the kingpin inclination failed to stay within the 7~13° design specification, indicating a need for optimization. Using Adams/Insight, sensitivity analysis identified the upper/lower control arm and tie rod inner hard points as critical. DOE and multi-objective optimization were applied to these hard points. Post-optimization results confirm effective improvement: caster angle variation was reduced by 35.9% with a 0.09° downward shift; kingpin inclination variation decreased by 13.6%, its minimum value increased by 0.42°, achieving a more desirable range. This work enhances suspension performance and delivers a systematic optimization method for similar suspension systems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Zhirui Liu
creator: Xiaojun Zou
creator: Liukai Yuan
creator: Can Cao
creator: Rui Lian
creator: Liangmo Wang
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Zhirui Liu, Xiaojun Zou, Liukai Yuan, Can Cao, Rui Lian, Liangmo Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i2.3190

Ayurvedic Concept of Virya and its Correlation with Modern Thermogenic and Bioenergetic Effects: An Integrative Review
type: item
description: Virya is a fundamental Ayurvedic pharmacodynamic attribute representing the immediate bioenergetic effect of a substance, classically categorized as Ushna (hot) or Shita (cold). Although Virya is not defined by physical temperature, its clinical implications include modulation of digestion (Agni), metabolism, circulation, and inflammation. Contemporary biomedical research has explored thermogenesis, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and sympathetic activation induced by dietary herbs and spices—many of which are classified as Ushna Virya in Ayurveda. This review critically correlates Ayurvedic Virya with measurable thermogenic and metabolic effects documented through in vitro, animal, and human studies. Conceptual overlaps, mechanistic parallels, and limitations are discussed, highlighting opportunities for integrative research and standardization.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Aishwarya Ganesh Joshi
creator: Aniket Yashwant Joshi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Aishwarya Ganesh Joshi, Aniket Yashwant Joshi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-25
publication date: 2026-01-25
starting page: 57
ending page: 58
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3189

https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3188
type: item
title: Historical Memory and Education: A Comparative Study of How the History of the “Moro Wars” and the Lumad Struggles are Taught in the Philippine National Curriculum Versus How they are Taught in the Schools of the BARMM and Lumad-Run
description: This paper presents a comparative study of how the history of the “Moro wars” and the Lumad struggles are taught in the Philippine national curriculum versus how they are taught in the schools of the BARMM and Lumad-Run.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Ryan M. Batalo
creator: Mosfira S. Mahdi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ryan M. Batalo, Mosfira S. Mahdi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-25
publication date: 2026-01-25
starting page: 49
ending page: 56
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3188

Sari-Sari Stores as Micro-Economies of Peace in Post-Conflict Communities: An Ethnographic Study on Women and Informal Trade in Baloi, Lanao Del Norte
type: item
description: This study examines the role of women-managed sari-sari stores as micro-economies of peace in post-conflict communities in Baloi, Lanao del Norte, highlighting the intersection of informal trade, household livelihood, social cohesion, and grassroots peacebuilding. Situated within the post-conflict recovery context in Mindanao, it explores how everyday economic activities contribute to community stability and trust-building. Employing a descriptive mixed-methods ethnographic design, the study integrated quantitative and qualitative approaches to capture both measurable patterns and lived experiences. Fourteen purposively selected women sari-sari store owners participated, providing data through survey questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and ethnographic observations. Findings show that sari-sari stores serve as primary or significant sources of household income and are largely sustained through family support networks, reflecting the collective nature of women’s entrepreneurship. Beyond economic functions, the stores act as informal social spaces where trust, reciprocity, and cooperation are cultivated through daily interactions, small loans, and participation in community activities. Women’s engagement in these enterprises enhances their social status, influence, and leadership within households and the broader community, positioning them as informal peacebuilders. Despite challenges such as limited capital and market constraints, women demonstrate resilience and agency in sustaining their businesses. The study concludes that women-led micro-enterprises play a vital role in promoting household resilience and social cohesion. Strengthening these initiatives through access to microfinance, skills development, and community-based programs can enhance local peacebuilding and should be integrated into post-conflict recovery strategies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Norfaisah B. Mamintal
creator: Norjanah M. Moraki
creator: Johanesah S. Hadji Omar
creator: Diamond N. Tawano-Macarimbang
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Norfaisah B. Mamintal, Norjanah M. Moraki, Johanesah S. Hadji Omar, Diamond N. Tawano-Macarimbang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-25
publication date: 2026-01-25
starting page: 45
ending page: 48
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3187

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Osteoporosis Among Female Teachers in Raipur, Chhattisgarh
type: item
description: Osteoporosis causes bones to become weak and brittle - so brittle that a fall or even mild stresses such as bending over or coughing can cause a fracture. Osteoporosis-related fractures most commonly occur in the hip, wrist or spine. Bone is living tissue that is constantly being broken down and replaced. Osteoporosis occurs when the creation of new bone doesn't keep up with the loss of old bone. Osteoporosis affects men and women of all races. But white and Asian women, especially older women who are past menopause, are at highest risk. Medications, healthy diet and weight-bearing exercise can help prevent bone loss or strengthen already weak bones. The present study aims to “assess the effectiveness of information booklet on knowledge regarding prevention of osteoporosis among female teachers in Raipur (C.G.).” Objectives: 1) To assess the pretest and posttest level of knowledge on prevention of osteoporosis among female teachers. 2) To evaluate the effectiveness of information booklet on knowledge regarding prevention of osteoporosis among female teachers. 3) To find the association between the knowledge on prevention of osteoporosis among female teachers and selected socio demographic variable. Material and methods: The research approach used was an experimental quantitative evaluative research approach, and the research design of the study was quantitative pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design was used for the study. The sample was selected using convenience sampling technique. The study is comprised of 60 female teachers at selected school of Raipur (C.G.). The variables under the study are independent and dependent variables. Independent variable is information booklet regarding prevention of osteoporosis among female teachers and dependent variables is knowledge of female teachers regarding prevention of osteoporosis. A self- structured questionnaire was prepared to assess knowledge regarding prevention of osteoporosis. Validity was e…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Shikha Patel
creator: Abhilekha Biswal
creator: G. Hemavati
creator: Sreemini Pillai
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Shikha Patel, Abhilekha Biswal, G. Hemavati, Sreemini Pillai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-23
publication date: 2026-01-23
starting page: 41
ending page: 44
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3186

Medi-Intel Engine
type: item
description: Medi-Intel Engine is an AI driven system which supports accurate and timely clinical decision making. Medi-Intel Engine leverages machine learning techniques and data analytics to enable efficient health monitoring, disease prediction, and decision support. The system integrates heterogeneous healthcare data, including electronic health records, physiological signals, and lifestyle parameters, to extract meaningful patterns and assess health risks. Advanced learning models are employed to analyze patient data and generate predictive insights that assist healthcare professionals in early diagnosis and preventive care. The proposed Medi-Intel Engine is designed to improve diagnostic accuracy, reduce clinical workload, and enhance overall healthcare efficiency. Unlike humans, artificial intelligence does not require rest. AI systems can be employed to continuously monitor critical indicators of patients receiving primary care and find clinicians when particular risk factors rise. As AI models are capable of learning and retaining patterns, they can deliver personalized, real-time recommendations to patients on a continuous basis.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Naznin A. Qayyum Shaikh
creator: V. C. Maindargi
creator: P. S. Kolhe
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Naznin A. Qayyum Shaikh, V. C. Maindargi, P. S. Kolhe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-20
publication date: 2026-01-20
starting page: 37
ending page: 40
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3185

https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3184
type: item
title: A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Management and Prevention of Tuberculosis in Health Care Personnel Among B.Sc. Nursing 2nd Year Student in Selected Nursing College, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh
description: Tuberculosis (TB) infection control is a combination of measures aimed at minimizing the risk of transmission within a population. It is well established that health care workers (HCWs) have a considerably higher risk of occupationally acquired tuberculosis (TB). To reduce the transmission of TB to HCWs and patients, TB infection control programs should be implemented in health care settings. The first and most important level of all protection and control programs is administrative control. Its goals are to prevent HCWs, other staff, and patients from being exposed to TB, and to reduce the transmission of infection by ensuring rapid diagnosis and treatment of affected individuals. Administrative control measures recommended by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization include prompt identification of people with TB symptoms, isolation of infectious patients, control of the spread of the pathogen, and minimization of time spent in health care facilities. Another key component of measures undertaken is the baseline and serial screening for latent TB infection in HCWs who are at risk of exposure to TB. Although the interferon-gamma release assay has some advantages over the tuberculin skin test, the former has serious limitations, mostly due to its high conversion rate. Objectives: To develop and administer structured teaching programme regarding management and prevention of tuberculosis in health care personnel among B.Sc. Nursing 2nd year student in selected Nursing college of Bhilai (C.G.). To assess the pre-test and post-test knowledge regarding management and prevention of tuberculosis in health care personnel among B.Sc. Nursing 2nd year student in selected Nursing college of Bhilai (C.G). To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on post-test knowledge regarding management and prevention of tuberculosis in health care personnel among B.Sc. Nursing 2nd year students. To find association betw…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Sonam Goyal
creator: Abhilekha Biswal
creator: G. Hemavati
creator: Sreemini Pillai
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sonam Goyal, Abhilekha Biswal, G. Hemavati, Sreemini Pillai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-19
publication date: 2026-01-19
starting page: 34
ending page: 36
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3184

A Brief Review of Impacts of Environmental Pollutants on the Public Health of Assam
type: item
description: This review aims to identify critical environmental degradation issues affecting public health in Assam. A systematic literature search was conducted using Scopus and Google Scholar with the keywords “Environmental Degradation” AND “Public Health” AND “Assam.” Relevant studies were analysed using a qualitative deductive coding approach, guided by a custom-developed codebook based on the study’s objectives. The review reveals widespread contamination of drinking water, soil, and air across Assam, involving pollutants such as arsenic, fluoride, iron, manganese, lead, cadmium, organochlorine pesticides, particulate matter, and microbial agents. These exposures are linked to both acute infections and chronic noncommunicable diseases, disproportionately affecting children, women, and vulnerable communities, including rural and tribal populations. The findings provide a consolidated overview of the environmental health landscape in Assam and highlight significant gaps in the literature. This review offers a foundation for future research and policy interventions aimed at mitigating environmental health risks in the region.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Sagarmoy Phukan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sagarmoy Phukan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-16
publication date: 2026-01-16
starting page: 26
ending page: 33
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3183

Dynamics of Sand Extraction in Amazonian Fluvial Systems: Geological Aspects and Environmental Impacts in the Jamari Valley, Rondônia
type: item
description: Sand extraction is one of the most significant mining activities supporting the civil construction sector, forming an essential link in the infrastructure and urban development supply chain. In Brazil, this activity has considerable economic and social relevance, particularly in regions with substantial sedimentary potential, such as the Jamari Valley in the state of Rondônia. This study examines sand extraction in the region by addressing geological, productive, and environmental aspects associated with the activity. The results indicate that the Jamari Valley contains recent sedimentary formations predominantly composed of alluvial deposits, whose granulometric characteristics make them suitable for civil construction applications. However, the study also reveals significant environmental impacts arising from irregular extraction practices, including river siltation, riverbank degradation, loss of riparian vegetation, and alterations in hydrosedimentary dynamics. These impacts highlight the necessity of strengthening regulatory oversight and implementing public policies that promote sustainable extraction practices. Ensuring the sustainable use of sand resources, alongside strict adherence to environmental legislation, is crucial for maintaining the long-term viability of sand mining in the Jamari Valley.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dhione Marcos da Silva
creator: Philippe Tiago Ferreira Costa
creator: Robert Felix de Souza
creator: Roemir Peres Machado Moreira
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Dhione Marcos da Silva, Philippe Tiago Ferreira Costa, Robert Felix de Souza, Roemir Peres Machado Moreira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
starting page: 20
ending page: 25
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3182

Prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Laboratory Technicians from Bangalore
type: item
description: Background: Musculoskeletal problems are faced by everyone in daily life. Most of the musculoskeletal pain is work or occupation related. Over a period of time due to increased hours of work and constant postural habits, work related musculoskeletal pain has evolved. The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) is high in occupations which involve constant postures for long hours, excessive use of specific movements, lack of corrective measures taken etc. like IT professionals, call centre jobs, laboratory technicians, watch repairers, Tailors and many more. Of these, microscope users show high prevalence of neck pain, shoulder pain, elbow pain, hand pain and back pain. Aim of the Study: This study is aimed to find out the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in Laboratory technicians from Bangalore Methodology: In this study a total of 100 laboratory technicians of age group 23 to 60 will be tested for musculoskeletal disorders. They will be evaluated Using the standardized general questionnaire of the Nordic musculoskeletal pain questionnaire. Result: The study examined musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among 100 laboratory technicians. Participants were 52% female and 48% male, with a mean age of 28.94 ± 8.71 years; most (76%) were 20–29 years old. The highest 12-month prevalence was in the lower back (24%), neck (20%), and upper back (20%), with 7-day rates of 13%, 13%, and 11% respectively. Functional limitations were most associated with neck and upper back pain (15% each) and lower back pain (13%). Other regions, including shoulders, hips, knees, and ankles, showed lower prevalence and fewer limitations. Neck, upper back, and lower back pain were most disabling. Conclusion: The study found musculoskeletal pain to be common among laboratory technicians, especially in the neck, upper back, and lower back. These regions caused the most functional limitations, affecting work and daily activities. Prolonged standing, repetitive …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: S. Thunga Priya
creator: Edwin Issahak
creator: A. K. Vijay Krishna Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 S. Thunga Priya, Edwin Issahak, A. K. Vijay Krishna Kumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-04
publication date: 2026-01-04
starting page: 13
ending page: 19
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3181

Effectiveness of Nerve Mobilization with Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation in Patients with Cervical Radiculopathy
type: item
description: Background: Cervical radiculopathy is a dysfunction of nerve root of the cervical spine is irritated and compressed, where C6 and C7 nerve roots are most commonly affected. The most common symptoms are pain, parathesia, numbness and muscle weakness in dermatomal or myotomal distribution of an affected nerve root. A multitude of physical therapy interventions have been proposed to be effective in the management of cervical radiculopathy, including both mechanical and manual therapy. Aim: To study the effectiveness of nerve mobilization and PNF technique in the management of cervical radiculopathy. Objective: The objective of this study to evaluate the effectiveness of nerve mobilization And Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) technique in order to reduce pain, increase ROM and improve the functional Ability in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Methodology: A convenient technique was used to choose 30 individuals, comprising Both males and females aged 30 to 80 years, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.30 people with cervical radiculopathy were given Nerve mobilization with PNF contract-relax stretching along with TENS, for a duration of 10 days. Numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), Goniometric measurement of cervical spine, and Neck disability index (NDI) were used as outcome measures for both pre and post-treatment. Result: The statistical analysis shows that nerve mobilization with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation is effective in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Conclusion: The study concludes that nerve mobilization with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation as more effective in reducing pain and restoring the cervical ROM and functional ability in neck.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: S. Thunga Priya
creator: S. Kusuma
creator: A. K. Vijay Krishna Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 S. Thunga Priya, S. Kusuma, A. K. Vijay Krishna Kumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-04
publication date: 2026-01-04
starting page: 4
ending page: 12
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3180

The Impact of Short-Form Video Consumption on Students’ Attention Span
type: item
description: The widespread use of short-form video platforms has raised concerns about their potential influence on students’ attention span and learning behaviors. This study investigates the relationship between short-form video consumption and attentional control among secondary school students using a mixed-methods approach. A total of 180 students aged 12–18 completed standardized attention assessments, media-use questionnaires, and were observed during classroom activities. Quantitative analyses revealed that high-frequency short-video consumption significantly predicted poorer sustained attention, weaker executive control, and increased off-task behavior, even after controlling for total screen time and demographic variables. Qualitative findings from teacher interviews supported these results, highlighting reduced task persistence and increased demand for stimulation among heavy users. The findings suggest that excessive exposure to short-form video content may reshape attentional habits in ways that challenge traditional educational practices.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Ku Yun Chen
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ku Yun Chen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-03
publication date: 2026-01-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2026.v7i1.3179

Optimizing Square Bellows Production: Externally Fixed Die Extrusion Process and FEA Insights
type: item
description: This study investigates an advanced method for manufacturing square bellows through extrusion forming, with a focus on the design and performance of an externally fixed model. The aim of this work is to optimize the extrusion process for producing high-quality square bellows that meet the stringent requirements of various industrial applications, such as robotics and aerospace. Using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations, we analyzed stress distributions and deformation patterns, identifying critical areas of stress concentration, particularly at the sharp corners of the bellows. The externally fixed design was selected over the internally fixed system due to its superior performance in terms of material flow and structural integrity. The simulation results indicate a reduction of stress concentration by 15% through the use of filleted edges and optimized die design. Mechanical and thermal cycling tests revealed that the bellows exhibited high fatigue resistance, enduring over 1,000,000 cycles without significant deformation, and showed minimal size changes under thermal expansion. Moreover, the incorporation of induction heating and precise hydraulic force control led to a 20% reduction in energy consumption and a 10% improvement in cooling efficiency. The proposed approach demonstrated superior accuracy, energy efficiency, and reliability compared to traditional stamping methods, making it a promising solution for the large-scale production of durable, high-performance square bellows.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Huang Xiaohua
creator: Bhat Waseem Shaban
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Huang Xiaohua, Bhat Waseem Shaban https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 85
ending page: 88
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2025.v6i12.3178

Correlations Between Dose to Small Intestine and Bladder Volume in CT-Based Planning of Pelvic Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT)
type: item
description: This paper presents correlations between dose to small intestine and bladder volume in CT-based planning of pelvic intensity-modulated radiation therapy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Mohammad Alfayez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mohammad Alfayez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 81
ending page: 84
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2025.v6i12.3177

https://journals.ijramt.com/index.php/ijramt/article/view/3176
type: item
title: The Politics of Identity in the BARMM: An Analysis of how the Creation of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao has Reshaped or Reinforced Ethnic and Sub-Ethnic Identities and Bangsamoro Nationalism
description: The establishment of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) in 2019 marked a significant political milestone in the long struggle of the Bangsamoro people for self-determination. While BARMM was envisioned as a unifying political project, its implications for ethnic and sub-ethnic identities within the region remain contested. This study examines how the creation of BARMM has reshaped or reinforced ethnic and sub-ethnic identities and how political structures influence identity representation and unity. Employing a quantitative research design, survey data were collected from 100 residents of Lanao del Sur using Likert-scale questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were utilized to analyze identity perceptions, political representation, and unity across ethnic and sub-ethnic groups. Findings reveal strong ethnic pride and general agreement that communities are recognized within the broader Bangsamoro identity. However, perceptions of political representation remain mixed, with clan- and family-based politics continuing to influence leadership and decision-making. Chi-square analyses indicate significant relationships between identity perceptions, political representation, and unity, underscoring the role of governance structures in shaping social cohesion. While BARMM has contributed to increased optimism, peace-building, and intergroup cooperation, persistent sub-ethnic divisions and uneven socio-economic benefits highlight ongoing challenges. The study concludes that inclusive political representation and equitable development are crucial to strengthening Bangsamoro nationalism while respecting ethnic diversity within the autonomous region.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Mosfira S. Mahdi
creator: Sittie Mariam C. H. Yusoph
creator: Diamond N. Tawano-Macarimbang
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mosfira S. Mahdi, Sittie Mariam C. H. Yusoph, Diamond N. Tawano-Macarimbang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 76
ending page: 80
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2025.v6i12.3176

Cellphones Put Students at Academic Learning Risk: A Systematic Investigation of Classroom Use, Cognitive Load, and Achievement
type: item
description: The widespread integration of cellphones into students’ daily lives has raised critical concerns regarding their impact on academic learning. Although mobile devices offer potential instructional benefits, a growing body of research suggests that unregulated in-class use may impede core cognitive processes necessary for effective learning. This systematic investigation examines how cellphone possession and uses during instructional time influence students’ attention, cognitive load, behavioral engagement, and academic performance in authentic classroom environments. Using a mixed-method design, the study involved observation data from 24 secondary-level classes, survey responses from 612 students, interviews with 18 teachers, and mid-semester standardized exam scores. Quantitative measures included the Cellphone Use Frequency Scale (CUFS), the Student Engagement Checklist (SEC), and academic performance data across English, science, and mathematics. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured teacher interviews and detailed classroom observation notes. Analytical procedures incorporated Pearson correlations, ANOVA, regression modeling, and thematic coding. Our results indicated pervasive non-academic cellphone use, with high frequencies of messaging, social media browsing, and notification checking. Statistical analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between overall cellphone use and academic achievement (r = –0.43, p < 0.01), with in-class messaging emerging as a particularly strong predictor of lower performance. Notably, even academic-related phone use did not yield positive learning outcomes, suggesting that the cognitive costs of task-switching outweigh potential benefits. Qualitative findings highlighted students’ difficulties in self-regulation, teachers’ challenges in enforcing device policies, and increased cognitive fragmentation during lessons. These findings demonstrate that frequent cellphone use poses measurable academic learnin…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Ku Yun Chen
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ku Yun Chen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-24
publication date: 2025-12-24
starting page: 73
ending page: 75
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2025.v6i12.3175

Effect of Freshwater Crab Shell Powder Oziotelphusa Aurantia (H.) as an Organic Fertilizer to Increase Dramatic Growth in the Plant Abelmoschus Esculentus (L.)
type: item
description: The pursuit of sustainable agriculture has intensified the search for effective organic fertilizers from renewable resources. Crustacean shell waste, rich in chitin, minerals and nutrients, represents a promising yet underutilized resource for enhancing soil fertility and plant growth. This study investigated the efficacy of freshwater crab (Oziotelphusa aurantia) shell powder (CSP) as an organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), in comparison to vermicompost and an unamended control. A pot experiment was conducted using red soil amended with CSP at 0.5% (w/w), vermicompost and a control. Growth parameters, including germination rate, plant height, leaf number and dimensions, flowering time and pod yield were monitored over eight weeks. CSP amendment significantly enhanced plant growth and productivity. Germination commenced one day earlier in the CSP-treated soil compared to the control and vermicompost. Plants grown in CSP-amended soil demonstrated superior performance in vegetative growth, producing a greater number of leaves, larger leaf dimensions (9 cm length, 10 cm width by week 6) and a higher final plant height. While flowering initiated slightly later than in the vermicompost group, CSP-treated plants yielded a significantly greater number of pods (12 per plant), with longer pod length (12.2 cm) heavier pod weight (11 g) and a higher total yield per plant (200 g) compared to both vermicompost (120 g) and the control (82.5 g). Freshwater crab shell powder is a highly effective organic fertilizer that significantly improves the growth, yield and nutritional quality of Abelmoschus esculentus. The utilization of this aquaculture waste product offers a sustainable strategy for enhancing agricultural productivity, improving soil health and reducing environmental pollution.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: P. Kalaimagal
creator: S. Muthalagi
creator: G. Senthil Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 P. Kalaimagal, S. Muthalagi, G. Senthil Kumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-24
publication date: 2025-12-24
starting page: 69
ending page: 72
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2025.v6i12.3174

Rethinking Microfinance: Why It Falls Short in Reducing Inequality in Latin America and Africa–and the Policy Reforms Needed to Fix It
type: item
description: Microfinancing is a policy designed to provide small loans to individuals who typically cannot access formal banking services. This paper explains the idea in a simple way, showing how microfinance tries to reduce problems like unemployment, poverty, gender inequality, and financial exclusion. It also looks at how microfinance has helped in regions like Latin America, where credit supports agriculture, and Africa, where it supports exports of textiles, coffee, and cocoa. At the same time, the paper highlights the major difficulties of microfinancing, including low financial literacy, high operational costs, and slow bureaucratic systems that reduce efficiency. The paper suggests solutions such as improving financial literacy through local workers and NGOs, reducing unnecessary layers of management, and using digital tools similar to India’s UPI system to increase transparency and accountability. However, the counterargument shows that deeper macro-level problems—like corrupt leadership and chronic capitalism—still limit the success of microfinance. The paper concludes that microfinancing is helpful but not perfect, and it needs more improvements before it can truly achieve financial equality.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dattaprasad T. Arsekar
creator: Amlan Prateek Sahu
creator: Avaneesh Borkar
creator: Aryan Dua
creator: Lalita Kulkarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dattaprasad T. Arsekar, Amlan Prateek Sahu, Avaneesh Borkar, Aryan Dua, Lalita Kulkarni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: 59
ending page: 68
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2025.v6i12.3173

Hybrid Adaptive Weighted Sliding Mode Control for Sway Suppression of a Gantry Crane System
type: item
description: This paper presents a new adaptive weighted sliding mode scheme with input shaper for sway suppression of a gantry crane system. The presented control approach combines an adaptive algorithm to a weighted-sliding controller with an input shaping technique. Input shaping reduces the transient sway and weighted sliding mode controller has multiple sliding surfaces of nonlinear gantry crane system using a single actuator. Adaptive algorithm is applied to estimate the upper bound of uncertainties and external disturbance. The stability of the closed loop system is analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory. The performances of the new hybrid control scheme are proved in MATLAB SIMULINK. Simulation results show that the presented control scheme can be used for sway suppression and precise cart positioning in the presence of uncertainties.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Hui Song Kang
creator: Thae Yong Kim
creator: Chol Kim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Hui Song Kang, Thae Yong Kim, Chol Kim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-21
publication date: 2025-12-21
starting page: 54
ending page: 58

The Geo-History of a Proto-State: Nusa Island as the Operational and Ideological Kota of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front in Lanao del Sur
type: item
description: This paper uses a geo-historical approach to explain the enduring processes of Nusa Island, Lanao del Sur as the main Kota (fortified camp) and power center of radiation of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). The island, being in the strategic location in Lake Lanao, the geographical peculiarities of the island, such as its size, stability in year-round conditions, and isolation gave the MILF a stronghold against the forces of the state across decades of the armed clash. In the study, the researcher explains how the island evolved between 1969 and 2010 as it evolved into a formal training base of the Mujahideen into the Nusa Base Command. Additionally, the article gives an exhaustive analysis of the proto-state system of governance of MILF, the application of the rigid four points program (Islamization, organizational strengthening, military build-up as well as self-reliance) and the functional effectiveness of the Al Mahakim Al-Shari’yyah (Islamic Court) which has been settling local conflict including Rido (family feuds). Although confining that the island plays a geopolitical role in the stability of the MILF and that it possesses the attributes to govern itself in an orderly manner, the results also underscore the inherent contradiction to the same in that the continued existence and the ability to extract resources of the movement play a direct role in destruction of the environment including deforestation to the sustainability of the Kota (Ariong, 2000).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Nassif S. Talal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nassif S. Talal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-21
publication date: 2025-12-21
starting page: 44
ending page: 53
doi: 10.65138/ijramt.2025.v6i12.3171