Phytochemical Screening and Thin Layer Chromatography of Daemia Extensa (Jacq.) R. Br Stem

Abstract

The present study deals with the phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatographic studies of Daemia extensa stem extract belonging to family Asclepiadaceae. Phytochemical screening determination by some chemical tests and thin layer chromatographic study was carried out by using various solvent system of varying polarity of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol extracts. Phytochemical screening reflects presence of alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, tannins, phytosterols, carbohydrates, proteins, flavanoids, quinones and terpenoids shows different types of results in different solvents extracts. Among these phytochemical screening, Alkaloids, Cardiac glycosides, phenol, Tannins, Phytosterol, Carbohydrates, proteins Flavanoids were present in all solvent extracts whereas Saponin, Terpenoids were absent in all extracts. A large number of solvent systems were tried to achieve a good resolution. Finally, the solvents hexane: ethyl acetate: Methanol (8:1:1) was used. Thin layer chromatographic studies of the hexane extract of Daemia extensa Solvent system I, four spots were observed having different Rf values. In solvent system II Hexane: Ethyl acetate: Acetic acid (5:4:1), 2 spot detected. In solvent system III Hexane: Ethyl acetate: Acetic acid (4:4:2), 2 spot detected Rf value. In 0.21, 0.26. Solvent system IV Hexane: Ethyl acetate: Acetic acid (3:6:1), only 1 spots were visible Rf value0.15. In solvent system V Hexane: Ethyl acetate: Methanol (2:7:1), 1 spots was obtained. The TLC studies of Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate, Ethanol and Methanol also studied by using different solvent systems. The present investigation provides evidence that solvent extracts of Daemia extensa stem contains medicinally important bioactive compounds and this justifies the use of plant species as traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases, specially in cough syrup.