Various Mechanisms of Low Back Pain in Elderly Population

Abstract

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a pain that lasts at least three months in the lower back area. CLBP is the world's second greatest cause of disability, and it is a serious social and economic issue. CLBP has grown by more than 100% in the previous decade in the adult population and continues to rise substantially in the ageing population, impacting both men and women of all ethnic groups and having a considerable influence on functional capacity and occupational activities. Psychological issues such as stress, sadness, and worry might also have an impact. Given this complication, diagnosing patients with CLBP can be difficult and necessitates sophisticated clinical decision-making. Answering the issue "what is the pain generator?" among the several structures that might be implicated in CLBP is critical in the treatment of these patients, since a misdiagnosis can lead to therapeutic errors. The myth that the etiology of 80 – 90 % of LBP cases is unknown has been passed down through the generations. In the majority of cases, low back pain can be ascribed to a single pain generator, each with its own set of features and therapeutic options. Radicular pain, facet joint pain, sacro-iliac pain, lumbar stenosis pain, and discogenic pain are all discussed here. In this review, our goal is to provide doctors with a basic guide to help them identify pain generators in a safer and faster manner, based on a right diagnosis and subsequent treatment strategy.