Simultaneous Voltammetric Detection of Lead and Zinc via Chloroform Extraction Using 4-(2-Hydroxyphenylethaminodiol) Benzene-1,3-diol

Abstract

This study presents a new method for detecting very small amounts of lead and zinc metals in medicine and biological samples. Metals like these can pollute the environment due to human activities and industrial processes. To find these metals, the research introduces a newly made chemical, named 4-(2-hydroxyphenylethaminodiol), benzene-1,3-diol (4-2-HPEDB-1,3,D), which helps in identifying the metals more clearly. The method involves a technique called anodic stripping voltammetry, which is used after the metals are extracted into a solvent called chloroform. This technique helps in understanding how the metals behave in different conditions, such as in medicines and biological materials. The researchers were able to measure concentrations of lead and zinc ranging from 0.01 to 200 micrograms per milli-litre, with very high accuracy. They also studied how other substances might interfere with the detection of lead and zinc, and found the method to be both sensitive and selective. Factors like the acidity (pH), the intensity of the electric pulse used, and the speed of the scan were adjusted to get the best results. The researchers determined that the metal and the newly introduced chemical combine in a one-to-one ratio. This finding was confirmed using two different methods: the molar ratio method and Job’s continuous variation method. This method was successfully applied to detect lead and zinc in biological samples, showing that it works well and is accurate when compared to other existing methods. This study offers a new approach to monitoring metal pollution in pharmaceutical and biological samples.