Analysis of Tools and Techniques Used to Assess Schizophrenia and Depression

Abstract

Background – Schizophrenia is an ongoing mind mental turmoil that influences the manner in which an individual think, acts, communicates feelings, sees reality, and identifies with others. In spite of the fact that schizophrenia isn't as normal as other major psychological sicknesses, it tends to be the most ongoing and handicapping [Life in sight, 2019]. Depression is the main cause of disability worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). It can affect adults, adolescents, and children, Depression is a mood disorder that involves a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest [Laura, 2019]. Schizophrenia and Depression are the common diseases which affects nearly 1 million people in a year across the world. There exists no definite medical test with the help of which one can diagnose this disease. Doctors and psychologists can identify this disease only by the symptoms shown by the affected individuals. That is why, conducting this study gets important as it discusses various methods through which the existence of this disease in individuals can be found as these methods mainly focus on symptoms of the disease. More studies like this can help in designing intervention and further prevention of the illness. Objective-To study the tools and techniques used to diagnose schizophrenia and Depression. Methods-Research papers, journals as well as Medical reports were searched for studies related to Depression and Schizophrenia by using the following terms: "depression," "Schizophrenia", treatment and prevention, Diagnosis, "empirical study," and "peer reviewed journal." Thus, this report is based on secondary Data whose purpose is to analyses the tools and techniques used for diagnosis of schizophrenia and Depression. Initially, no limitation was placed on years included in the search. Five relevant publications were read and analyzed for method and content, with particular focus on inclusion and location criteria of study participants. Conclusion -It has been found that PANSS can be used not only to diagnose the various stages of schizophrenia, but also to determine the type of treatment required for a particular patient. It has been found that this tool requires relatively little additional training and is more objective and repeatable. In addition, the items selected for the test are considered suitable for construction and internal consistency, but can also include other clinical variables. SAPS and SANS are widely used to assess the symptoms of schizophrenia, but their positive/negative symptom models for assessing schizophrenia have been criticized. It has been proposed to develop a new model with more dimensions and incorporate various elements of schizophrenia symptoms into its structure. In addition, the functional and structural techniques used in MRI today help explain the characteristics of schizophrenia and help diagnose schizophrenia. In addition, given the limitations and advantages of the projection method, some researchers have also used the Rorschach method to study many personality disorders. Despite the lack of credibility and reliability, the Rorschach test has proven to be a legitimate method of psychological diagnosis of mental disorders such as schizophrenia. Psychiatric sufferers and their fitness care this is extensively used to assess Depression. A correct prognosis is essential, for the reason that 50% or greater of psychiatric sufferers are prescribed a sequence of mixture antidepressants over months or years. Methods imparting greater correct diagnoses might make good relationship believe among sufferers and their caregivers, thereby strengthening this relationship.