AI in Education: A Revolution for Critical Minds or the Death of Independent Thought? A Paradigm Shift in Knowledge Creation

Abstract

This study explores the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education, questioning whether it represents a revolutionary advancement for fostering critical thinking or a threat to independent thought. The research investigates the paradigm shift in knowledge creation facilitated by AI, focusing on its impact on critical thinking skills, student autonomy, and the evolving landscape of education. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research to examine how AI tools affect critical thinking. Qualitative data was collected through interviews with educators and students, exploring their perceptions of AI in learning environments. Quantitative data was obtained using regression analysis to assess the relationship between AI tool usage and students' critical thinking performance. The findings reveal that AI significantly enhances critical thinking by providing personalized learning experiences, immediate feedback, and exposure to diverse problem-solving scenarios. However, the results also highlight concerns about over-reliance on AI, with some students showing decreased independent thought and creativity when AI tools were used excessively. Regression analysis further indicates that while AI tools have a positive impact on problem-solving skills, their influence on deep, independent analytical thinking is more limited. The study also identifies key variables, such as the design of AI tools and the level of student interaction, that determine the extent to which AI fosters critical engagement. The study concludes that AI has the potential to revolutionize education by promoting critical thinking, but it must be integrated carefully to avoid diminishing students' capacity for independent thought. Recommendations are made for balancing AI use with traditional pedagogical methods to support the development of critical minds, advocating for a model that encourages both AI-assisted learning and autonomous cognitive development.